Fruit size-grader.



L. B. WILLIAMS.

FRUIT SIZE GHADER.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. Z7, 1913. 1,109,099, Patented Sept. 1,1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Witnesses Inventor Attorneys rHE AORRIS PETERS C0.. PHarovLlTHo.,WASHINGTON, D.' C.

L. B. WILLIAMS.

FRUIT SIZE GRADER.

APPLICATION FILED 00in-'27, 1913.

1, 109,099, Patented Sept. 1, 1914 3 SHEETS-SHBET 2.

by ///l l Attorneys L. B. WILLIAMS.

FRUIT SIZE GRADER.

APPLICATION FILED oeT. 27, 1913.

1,109,099, Patented Sept. 1, 1914.

s seems-SHEET s.

r f I I Attorneys being provided for automatically supplying' UNITEDASTATES PATEN T OFFICE.

` LEE BARNETT WILLIAMS., or nniannsvILLn, MIssoUnI.

FRUIT s-Izn-ennnna.

. vSpecification of Letters Patent.

PatentedSept. 1, 1914:.

Application iled October 2K7, 1913. Serial No. 797,665. y

To all fwwmz may concern.' f -l Be it vknown that I, LEE ABARNE'H VVII.-

Lniirs, a citizen of the United States,iresid ing at Humansville, in thecounty of Polk vand State of Missouri, have. invented a new and usefulFruit Size-Grader, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to machines for size grading fruit, the samebeing more particularly adapted for size grading lemons at the time ofwashing. n f j Y J Tt is well known to those acquainted with the lemonindustry that the fruit is washed as soon as possible after picking andis thenv placed in boxes for storage after whichthey are removed fromthe boxes, graded as to quality, etc., and packed according to size,thus to meet the demands of the trade. This system of handling the fruit(storing all sizes together) is objectionable for the reason i that itrequires an objectionable amount of handling and consequent danger ofinjury to the fruit and necessitates the prompt shipment of the fruitbecause it has been set back, it being a well known fact that fruitimmediately goes off or deteriorates in appearance and keeping qualityafter being handled. i l

The demands of the trade require usually that the fruit be sold in twogrades or sizes, to wit, those averaging three hundred and sixty or lessto the box, and three hundred and sixty or more to the box.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a machine forsizing lemons and the like at the time of washing so that all fruit ofthe larger grade will be sepa-- rated from the smaller grade, the sizingmechanism being also utilized for the pur pose of removing the fruitfrom the washing tank and directing it tothe employees employed forfilling boxes.

A further object is t0 provide sizing mechanism which will operateeiiiciently to separate the fruit into two grades, means the fruit tothe sizing mechanism and for permitting handling of the fruit whilebeing sized without bruising or otherwise injuring it.

lVith the foregoing and other objects in view which will appear as thedescription proceeds, the invention resides in the combination andarrangement of parts and iny the details of 4construction hereinafterdescribed and` claimed, it being understood thatl changes in the preciseembodiment/of the Invention herein disclosed, can be made within thescope of what is claimed, without departing from the spiritl of theinvention.' In the accompanying drawings the preferred kforros of theinvention have been shown'. y

In said drawings :-Figure l is a side elevation of the'sizing machine,the washing tank being shown -partly in section. Fig. 2 is a plan viewof the machine. Fig. 3 is an enlarged elevation of one end portion ofone of the blades of the sizer and 'showing one of its chain guides insection. Figli is a section on line A-B Fig. 1. Fig.v 5 is a perspectiveview of one end portion of one of the blades of the sizer and` showingits push rod and the parts cooperating therewith. Fig. 6 is a transversesection through the lfeed member. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of aportion of the operatingmechanism of thefeed member. Fig. 8 is aperrspective view of the deflecting blade andits adjacent mechanism. Fig.y 9is a perspective view of a modied form of buoyant retainer for use inconnection withtheblades of the sizer. Fig. 10 is a plan view of anotherform of feed member. Fig. 11 is a section therethrough yon line Cf-D.Fig. 12 is a section through another form of feed member. Fig. 13 is a`plan view ofa modified form of deflecting means to be used on thetable. Fig. 14; is atransverse section through the deector and adjacentparts.

Referring to the figuresvby characters of reference `1 designates avwashing tank of any desired form and the sizingmechanism constitutingthe present invention is adapted to extend into this tank and to removethe fruit from it.

Erected adjacent oney end' lof the tank is a i frame 2 havingsubstantially horizontal side beams 3 which yoverhang the tank 1 and ialso extend any desired distance beyond the end of the tank. Connectedto those ends of the beams 3 overhanging the tank 1 are standards iarranged in pairs, one pair beingfconnected to each side 4beam 3 andsaid standards being extended vertically down to the bottom of the tankor to points close to the bottom. Arranged on the standards 4 and frame2 are top beams 5H and it is to be understood that these top beams aswell as the frames 2 and standards i can be connected by any suitablearrangement of cross beams G. The standards 4 are provided withlongitudinal grooves 7 constituting gu1deways for bearing boxes S, eachbox having a yoke 9 connected to its upper face and this yoke beingadjustably connected, as by means of a bolt 10, to a stirrup 11 to whichan adjusting rope 12 or the like 1s attached. T he ropes from which thetwo bearing yboxes 3 are suspended, are attached to a winding 17thereon, the said yokes being connected by bolts 13 to stirrups 19.These stirrups are connected to ropes 20 or the` like extending overguide sheaves 21 and thence to the winding shaft 13. Thus it will beseen that by rotating the shaft 13 in one direction all of the bearingboxes to wit, the two boxes '3 and the two boxes 16 can be raised orlowered. Supported between those portions of the side beams 3 projectingbeyond and away from the tank 1, is a table 22, this table being of anydesired length and being extended up close to the tank wall.

A roller 23 is mounted across the outer end of the table 22 and asmaller roller 24 is mounted across the inner end of the table. Anotherroller 25 is journaled below the fourth roller 25 is journaled betweenthe lower ends of the standards 4 soy as tol be supported close to thebottom of the tank.y Extending over these rollers is an endless apron27, the upper flight of the apron being' extended along the top of table22 and inclined downwardly from roller 24 to roller 26 while the lowerliight of the apron is extended upwardly from roller 2G and over roller25 to roller 23. This endless apron can be driven in the directionindicated byA the arrow by any suitable mechanism pro' vided for thatpurpose and constitutes both an incline up which the fruit being sizedcan be carried and a conveyer for conducting the fruit longitudinally ofthe `table 22. side beams 3 extend upwardly above the horizontal portionof the upper flight of the apron so as to constitute side guardsv neledguides 29 extended parallel with theV inclined portion of the upperHight of apron 27. Each of these channeled guides is preferably made upof two oppositely disposed levely of the table and in the upper portionof the tank close to the tank wall, while a1 The A lapping angle strips,as shown in Fig. 3 and the said guides are adapted to receive the sidechains 30 of an endless belt. The upper ends of the guides 29 are dippeddownwardly as at 29 toward apron 27, for

vthe purpose hereinafter set forth. The side chains are connected atregular inter fals by blades 31 and 32, the blades 31 being of greaterwidth than the blades 32 andv all of the blades being held againstswinging movement relative tov the chains on which they are mounted.These blades are so proportioned that, when the narrow blades 32 arehanging downwardly and traveling above the inclined portion of apron 27,they will permit the escape thereunder of all fruit smaller than apredetermined size, this escaping fruit being caught and retained by thelarger blade 31 following. The blades 31 and 32 are alternately disposedand each blade 32 is preferably provided with a flexible apron or drag33 along its free longitudinal edge, for the purpose hereinafter setforth.

Chains 30 are mounted on sprockets 34 and 35, the sprockets 34 beingsecured to a shaft 36 `journaled in blocks 16 while the sprockets 35 aresecured to a shaft 37 ournaled in blocks 3. Idler sprockets 3S arecarried by the arms 23 and engage the lower flights of the chains 30close to the lower ends of the guides 29.

Secured to one end of each blade 31 and to the opposite end of eachblade 32 is a push rod 39, said rod being pivotally connected to r theblade as shown at 40 and being mounted to swing upwardly and downwardlywithin a guide bracket 41 secured to the blade. These push rods extendsbeyond the adjacent ends of the blades, hose on one set of bladesprojecting toward the right of the machine while those on the other setof blades project toward the left of the machine. Inclined guideways 42are secured to the sides of the machine with their lower ends in..thepaths of the free ends of rods 39 when said rods are in their normalpositions and these guideways extend upwardly past slidablc blocks 43mounted in any suitable manner upon the side beams 3. Each guideway 42extends diagonally across one corner portion of the adjacent block sothat, when the block 43 is in its normal position and a push rod 39 istraveling upwardly within the guideway, said push rod will be directedagainst the corner portion of block 43 and will shift the block out ofits normal position, the push rod in the meanwhile being graduallyelevated by the guideway 42 until it passes entirely out of engagementwith the block 43 in the path thereof. The ends of the guideways 42 areopen so that each push rod can readily enter the guideway and also leaveit.

Obviously one slidable block 43 is located at each side of the machine.Each of these slidable blocks 48 is connected, by a link 4A, to a bellcrank lever l5 fulcrumed on a bracket 4:6 outstanding from the adjacentside beam 8. A longitudinal partition 47 is suspended above the table 22and has a sweep i8 hingedly connected thereto and adapted to swinghorizontally from one side to the other of the table. rlhis sweep isconnected to the upper edge portion of the partition 47 and is spacedfrom the table a space greater than the width of a detlecting member 9located thereunder. This deiiecting member ishingedly connected topartition l? at a point nearer the tank 1 than the hinge 50 of sweep 48.The deflecting member is preferably made up of a long section 5l to oneend of which is connected a shorter section 52, this shorter section, inturn, be-

ing hingedly conneetedto a terminal section 53. rlfhe three sections 51,52 and 5B form a flexible deflector, the outer or free end of thesection 58 being pivotally connected to the end of the sweep 4Q. Thus itwill be seen that when the sweep is swung from one Ll5 so as to pullthrough link 5ft upon the `ten sweep and thus shift the defiector sl-9toward one side of the table, the other block'd in the meanwhile beingreset in view of the pulling action on its bell crank lever by the otherlink 54.

ln order .that fruit may be further pro* tect'ed from injury by thedeiiector 49, this deflector can be provided with a protecting coveringof canvas or any other suitable material and which is adapted to dragalong` 'the surface of the conveyer apron 27 during the swingingmovement of the deector.

dournaled upon the top beams 5 is a shaft '5G having an intermediatecrank 57. This shaft receives motion through a chain 58, fromai'sprocket 59 secured to shaft 36. rihis chain also engages a sprocket60 secured to the shaft 56. An idler sprocket 61 engages one flight ofthe chain and is connected to an arm (32 adapted 'to swing downwardly, aspring G3 being provided for forcing sprocket 61 yieldingly againstchain 58, thus holding the chain taut under all conitions The crank 5'?works within slot 64 formed longitudinally in one end portion'of a lever65. This lover is fulcrumed on shaft 13 and that end thereof remote fromslot Ge'; is connected adjustably to a pitman 66.

ends of a shaft 68. Said shaft extends across f the inlet endof themachine at a point below and beyond the bearing` blocks 8. Curved arms69 extend upwardly' from the end portions of the shaft 68 and areconnected by a screen 70, as will be seen by referring to Figs. 2 and 6.The arms't) are normally extended upwardly and outwardly away from theadjacent standards 4 the free ends of the arms as well as the free upperedge of thescreen 70 are normally at or above the level of the watercontained in the tank 1. rllhe parts are so proportioned that, duringthe rotation of the crank 57, the arms 69 and screen (0 will be swungdown-jwardly and upwardly, the screen operating to work down over anyfruit which may be floating close thereto and to depress the fruitJi-thin the water and discharge it under shaft 68 and into the machine.Thus the fruit can be fed intermittently to the niachine.

rfi retaining element is mounted in the machine close to the point wherethe fruit is received. Several forms of these retaining elements may beused. F or example, as shown in F l, a fabric strip 71 can be connectedto the standards l below and close to the point where the fruit issupplied to the machine. This fabric strip is provided with buoyantmembers indicated generally yat i2 which can bestrips of wood, sealedtubes orfthe like. These buoyant members d to hold the liexible strip T1pressed into the paths of the free longitudinal edges of blades 3l and32 so that fruit, after once passing into position between the bladescannot work outwardly past said blades.4 In .other words the blades 81and 32 as theyk jinove up Yardly toward the apron 27 will successivelydrag over the retaining strip 'T1 so that all fruit held between theblades will be efficiently trapped.

ln using the mechanism herein described, the parts are set in motion inany suitable manner and the lemons or other fruit to be acted on areplaced in the washing tank 1 and will float therein. rlhe fruit can bedirected in any suitable manner toward the machine so that, when thefeeding member (S9-TO operates, it will engage predetermined ouantitiesof the fruit and gather them downwardly and inwardly so that they willbe brought to position above the rctaining member 7l. rllhe mechanismprovided for actuating` the feeding member is such that said member willbe maintained at rest while in raised position and also while in loweredposition and while the member is in its lowered position, thus retainingthe fruit above the strip 7l, two of the blades 3l anc 32 will bebrought to position above the retaining` strip 7l. The sho-rt blade 32130 will first gather all of the fruit and drag it along the strip 71and then off of the strip onto the inclined portion of apron 27. As theshort blade 32 passes ofi1 of the strip, the smaller fruit will escapebetween the lower longitudinal edge o'f blade 32 and the surface ofapron 27 and will travel slowly back, this backward movement beingretarded by the drag or apron 33. The next or wider blade 31 will engagethe fruit which has escaped from under the blade 32. As the blades, withthe fruit in the paths thereof are moved upwardly above and with theapron 27, the push rod 39 en the blade 32 comes against the block 43 inthe path thereof, thus shifting the block longitudinally in the mannerhereinbefore set forth and causing the block to actuate its bell crank45 and thus shift sweep 48. rlhe deflecting member 51 will thus be swunglaterally se that, when the fruits in front of the blade 32 aredischarged onto the horizontal portion of the apron 27 and between theside beams 3, they will be deflected toward one side of the partition 47by the deliector 49. Meanwhile the push red 39 on the next followingblade 31 will engage its block 43 and push it longitudinally, thusreturning the deflector 49 to its other position so that the smallerfruits which have been elevated by blade 31 will be deflected to theother side of partition 47. This operation will be repeated as theblades are brought successively to their uppermost positions, the largefruit being directed to one side of the partition 47 while the smallfruit is directed to the other side of the partitio-n. position abovethe retaining strip 71 they are kept supplied with Washed fruit by theoscillating feeding element (S9- 70. Thus it will be seen that theblades 31 and 32 and the. parts operating the same, not yonly constitutemeans for properly sizing the fruit but also for removing the washedfruit from the tank.

instead of utilizing the oscillating feeding member (S9-70, a revolublemember such as shown in Figs. 10 and 11 can be used. rlhis memberconsists of a drum 73 eccentrically mounted and adapted to be rotated byany suitable mechanism. A segmental recess 74 extends longitudinallywithin the drum and it will be apparent that as the drum rotates,portions o-f the washed fruit will be Gathered within the recess 74 andcar-4 ried downwardly under the shaft 7 5 of the drum and into themachine. Another form of feeding element has been shown in Fig. 12wherein an imperforate gathering member 7 G is eccentrically mounted, asat 77 and is interposed between end disks 7S, this gathering memberbeing provided with an active face which follows the lines of an ogeecurve. The structure is such that, during the rotation of the feedingmember, portions of the As the blades 31 and 32 arrive in Vfruitadjacent thereto will be elevated out of the water and directed into themachine over shaft 77.

In Fig. 9 has been shown a structure which, if used, will enable boththe feeding member and the flexible retaining strip 71v to be dispensedwith. This device consists of a. buoyant frame 7 9 having a bottom strip8O of canvas or the like secured thereto and also secured at one end tothe standards 4. This frame 79 is adapted tofloat upon the surface ofthe water in the tank while that portion of the canvas bottom extendingbeyond one end of the frame and which is secured to the standards 4 willincline downwardly and outwardly from the frame and within the water.Thus as the blades 32 and 31 are brought successively to activepesitions, they will engage the fruit which is in the path thereof anddirect it over the frame 79, the sides of the frame being extendedupwardly so that the blades, during their movement toward the apron 27,will engage the sides and thus depress the frame, thereby allowing thefruit to float over the frame.

will rise in the water and thus prevent the fruit from escaping backinto the tank and from position over the inclined portion of the apron27.

ln Fig. 13 has been illustrated a modified structure whereby the fruit,when elevated onto the table, can be deflected first to one side andthen to the other side of the partition above the table. In this iigurethe partition has been indicated at 81. A deecting blade 82 is hingedlyconnected to the end of the partition and extends under a transverseshaft 83 which can be rotated at any speed desired. A wabble wheel 84rotates with this shaft and engages a fork or other projection 35 on theblade 82 so that, as the said wabble wheel 84 rotates, blade 82 will beswung from one side to the other in properly timed relation. The wabblewheel can be so shaped as to hold the blade 82 against movement for apredeterminedv period after it has been shifted to either of itspositions.

By providing mechanism such as described, the fruit as soon as washedcan be divided into two grades, all fruit of one grade being directedinto one channel formed by partition 49 while the fruit of the othergrade is directed into the other channel formed by said partition.

It will be seen that by rotating the shaft 13, all of the boxes 8 and 16can be raised or lowered as desired, thus to bring the blades 31 and 32to any desired distances from the inclined portion of the apron 27,thereby adapting the machine to size the fruit at any desired grade.

Importance is attached to the fact that the upper end portions of theguides 29 are extended downwardly toward the apron 27 above the roller24. By arranging the guides in this manner, the blades, while in the actof discharging fruit onto the apron 27, will be brought downwardlycloser to thek belt 2'? so that there will be no danger of any of thefruit which may have been brought to this point, rolling backward' underAthe blades. The guides 29 will cause the blades to move sulcientdistances along the upper portion of apron 27 lto carry the fruit be#yond the point of any possibility of rolling back onto the incline. i

lVhat is claimed is l. The combination with a washing tank, of fruitsizing means for removing fruit from the tank.

2. The combination with a washing tank,

`or' combined` fruit sizing and elevating means for removing fruit fromthe tank, and means controlled by said sizing'means for detlecting thesized fruit in different directions, according to grade.

3. The combination with a washing tank, of a combined elevating andconveying apron extending upwardly within and beyond the tank, meanscooperating with the apron for sizing fruit while moving up,L wardlywith the apron, and mechanism for 'feeding fruit to said sizing means. f

l. The combination with a washing tank and an elevating apron inclinedupwardly and outwardly therein, of means coperate ing with the apron forengaging fruit and sizing it during its upward movement upon the apron,and a buoyant retainer coperating with the sizing means.

5. The combination with a washing tank', and an inclined fruitsupporting structure within the tank and extending therebeyond, of meansabove and movable longitudinally of said inclined supporting structurefor ele; vating and grading fruit, and a buoyant retainer under andadapted to be contacted by said conveying and grading means.

6. The combination with a Washing tank, of an inclined fruit supporttherein andextending therebeyond, a buoyant retainer Aextending over aportion of the support, an endless fruit conveying and sizing meansabove the retainer, said means including spaced fruit engaging blades ofdifferent widths.

7. The combination with a washing tank, of an inclined fruit supportwithin the tank and extending therebeyond, an endless series of fruitengaging blades above and coperating with the support and movableparallel therewith, alternate blades being of greater width than theremaining blades, means for actuating said series of blades to bringthem successively to downwardly extending positions within the watercontained in the tank, and for directing them upwardly along linesparallel with the support.

8. The combination with a washing tank `the remaining blades, means foractuating the series of blades to bring them succes- .sively intodownwardly extending positions .within the water contained in the tankand `to,` propel said blades along lines parallel with the support toelevate fruit upon the support, and means for automatically feedingfruit into the paths of the blades.

9. Thecombination with a washing tank and an inclined fruit supporttherein and extending therebeyond, of an endless series of fruitengaging blades above the support,

alternate blades being of greater width than lthe remaining blades,means for actuating the series of blades to bring them successively intodownwardly extending positions within the watercontained in the tankyand to vpropel said blades along lines parallel with the support toelevate fruit upon the support, and a buoyant retaining elementextending under andadapted to be engaged successively by the blades.10.' -The combination with a washing tan and an inclined apron extendingdownwardly thereinto and constituting a fruit support, of an endlessseries of fruit engaging blades, means for actuating said blades tobring them successivelyinto the water contained in the tank and to movethe blades along a path parallel with the inclined portion of the apron,said blades and apron cooperatingL to engage fruit and elevate it fromthe water, and a buoyant retaining element extending between the apron"and the blades.y

ll. The combination with a washing tank and an inclined apron extendingdownwardly thereinto and constituting a fruit support, of an endlessseries of fruit engagingblades, means for actuating said blades to bringthem successively into the water contained in the tank and to move theblades along a path parallel with the inclined portion of the apron,ksaid blades and apron cooperating to engage fruit and elevate it fromthe water, alternate blades being of greater width than the remainingblades.

12. The combination with a washingtank and an inclined apron extendingdownwardly thereinto and constituting a fruit support, of an endlessseries of fruit engaging blades, means for actuating said blades tobring them successively into the water contained in the tank and to movethe blades along a path parallel with the inclined portion of the apron,said blades and apron cooperating to engage fruit and elevate it fromthe water, alternate blades being of greater width than the remainingblades, and a buoyant retaining means extending between the inclinedportion of the apron and the blades.

13. The combination with a washing tank and an inclined apron extendingdownwardly thereinto and constituting a fruit support, of an endlessseries of fruit engaging blades, means for actuating said blades tobring them successively into the water contained in the tank and to movethe blades along a path parallel with the inclined portion of the apron,said blades and apron cooperating to engage fruit and elevate it fromthe water, alternate blades being of greater width than the remainingblades, and means for automatically directing floating fruit into thepath of the blades.

4. rlllie combination with a washing tank and an inclined apronextending downwardly thereinto and constitut-ingv a'fruit support, of anendless series of fruit engaging blades, means for actuating said bladesto bring them successively into the water contained in the tank and tomove the blades along a path parallel with the inclined portion of theapron, said blades and apron cooperating to engage fruit and elevate itfrom the water, alternate blades-being of greater width than theremaining blades, means for automatically directing iioating fruit intothe path of the blades, and buoyant means for retaining the fruit inposition between the blades.

15. The combination with a washing tank and an inclined apron extendingdown.- wardly thereinto and constituting a JruitI support, of an endlessseries of fruit engaging blades, means :tor actuating said blades tobring them successively into the water contained in the tank and to movethe blades along a path parallel with the inclined portion of the apron,said blades and apron cooperating to engage fruit and elevate it fromthe water, alternate blades being oi" greater width than the remainingblades, and a liexible dragging element depending from the free edge ofeach of the narrow blades.

16. The combination'with a washing tank and a table, of an apron havingan inclined portion extending into the tank and a horizontal port-ionextending over the table, a flexible defiector mounted to swinglaterally upon the table, an endlessseries of fruit engaging blades uponthe inclined portion of -the apron, means for actuating said series ofblades to swing the blades successively into the water and dispose themalong lines parallel with the inclined portion of the apron and intoposition upon the table, al-

ternate blades being of greater width than the remaining blades, saidblades coperating with the inclined portion of the apron to size fruitengaged thereby, and means oplerated by the blades for automaticallyshifting the dellector Jfrom one side to the other of the table.

17. The combination with a washing tank vand a table, of an endlessapron having an inclined portion extending into the tank and ahorizontal portion extending over the table, a flexible deflectormounted to swing laterally above the table, combined fruit sizing Aandelevating means coopera-ting with the inclined portion of the conveyerand movable above the table, and mechanism operated by said sizing andelevating means for shifting the dei-lector from one side to the otherof the table.

18. The combination with a washing tank, of an inclinedfruit supportextending thereinto below the water level, and an endless series otblades above said support, means for actuating said series of blades tomove them downwardly successively below the level of the water and alonga line parallel with said fruit support, said blades and supportcooperating to size fruit engaged by the blades, and means for bodilyadjusting the series of blades toward and from the fruit support.

19. rlhe combination with a washing tank, a table, and an apron havingan inclined portion extending into the tank and a horizontal portionextending over the table, of means coperating with the apron forengaging fruit and sizing it during its upward movement upon theinclined portion oi' the apron, and .means for guiding said Jfruitengaging and sizing means alo-iig and close to part of the horizontalportion oit the apron.

in testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto affixedmy signature in the presence of two witnesses.

LEE BARNETT VILLlAMS. Vitnesses FLOYD P. TURNER, C. W. FRANKLIN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

